Pan American World Airways | Wikipedia audio article

Описание

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_American_World_Airways


00:01:34 1 History
00:01:43 1.1 Formation
00:07:38 1.2 Flight crews
00:09:42 1.3 Clipper era
00:19:17 1.4 Growing competition after World War II
00:20:38 1.5 Overseas expansion and fleet modernization
00:27:41 1.6 Jet age
00:29:15 1.6.1 Widebody era
00:30:55 1.6.2 Supersonic plans
00:31:43 1.7 Computerized reservations, Pan Am Building and Worldport
00:33:10 1.8 Peak
00:35:50 1.9 Internal German Services (IGS) and other operations
00:38:47 1.10 Passenger traffic (1951–1989)
00:39:32 1.11 Downturn
00:39:41 1.11.1 Fallout from 1973 oil crisis
00:42:38 1.11.2 Attempts to build a U.S. domestic network
00:44:00 1.11.2.1 National Airlines takeover
00:45:58 1.11.3 Disposal of non-core assets and operational cutbacks
00:47:47 1.11.4 Fleet restructuring
00:49:38 1.11.5 Sale of Pacific division
00:50:33 1.11.6 Establishment of local feeder networks
00:51:47 1.11.7 U.S. East coast shuttle
00:52:48 1.11.8 Financial, operational and reputational setbacks
00:54:20 1.11.9 Failed bid for Northwest Airlines
00:55:23 1.11.10 Fallout from 1990–91 Persian Gulf War
00:57:07 1.12 Bankruptcy
01:04:44 2 Reuse of name
01:05:08 2.1 Airlines
01:08:21 2.2 Railways
01:08:46 3 Record-setting flights
01:11:21 4 Corporate affairs
01:12:42 5 In popular culture
01:17:24 6 Acquisitions and divestments
01:23:43 7 Accidents and incidents
01:30:50 7.1 Pan Am Flight 1736
01:32:31 7.2 Pan Am Flight 73
01:33:27 7.3 Pan Am Flight 103
01:34:40 8 Fleet
01:34:50 8.1 Fleet in 1990
01:35:10 8.2 Fleet history
01:35:23 9 Destinations
01:35:33 10 See also
01:36:37 11 Notes and citations
01:36:51 12 Sources
01:37:00 13 Further reading
01:37:53 14 External links



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SUMMARY
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Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial flag carrier of the United States from 1927 until its collapse on December 4, 1991. It was founded in 1927 as a scheduled air mail and passenger service operating between Key West, Florida and Havana, Cuba. The airline is credited for many innovations that shaped the international airline industry, including the widespread use of jet aircraft, jumbo jets, and computerized reservation systems. It was also a founding member of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the global airline industry association.Identified by its blue globe logo ("The Blue Meatball"), the use of the word "Clipper" in its aircraft names and call signs, and the white uniform caps of its pilots, the airline was a cultural icon of the 20th century. In an era dominated by flag carriers that were wholly or majority government-owned, it was also the unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States. During most of the jet era, Pan Am's flagship terminal was the Worldport located at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City.