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This article is about the 1994 animated film. For its 2019 remake, see The Lion King (2019 film). For the franchise as a whole, see The Lion King (franchise). For other uses, see The Lion King (disambiguation).
The Lion King is a 1994 American animated musical drama film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It is the 32nd Disney animated feature film, and the fifth animated film produced during a period known as the Disney Renaissance. The Lion King was directed by Roger Allers and Rob Minkoff, produced by Don Hahn, and has a screenplay credited to Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton. Its original songs were written by composer Elton John and lyricist Tim Rice, with a score by Hans Zimmer. The film features an ensemble voice cast that includes Matthew Broderick, James Earl Jones, Jeremy Irons, Jonathan Taylor Thomas, Moira Kelly, Nathan Lane, Ernie Sabella, Rowan Atkinson, Robert Guillaume, Madge Sinclair (in her last film role), Whoopi Goldberg, Cheech Marin, and Jim Cummings. The story takes place in a kingdom of lions in Africa and was influenced by the Biblical stories of Joseph and Moses, and William Shakespeare's Hamlet.

The Lion King
In an African savannah, several animals stare at a lion atop a tall rock. A lion's head can be seen in the clouds above. Atop the image is the text "Walt Disney Pictures presents The Lion King".
Theatrical release poster by John Alvin
Directed by
Roger Allers
Rob Minkoff
Produced by
Don Hahn
Screenplay by
Irene Mecchi
Jonathan Roberts
Linda Woolverton
Story by
Brenda Chapman
Barry Johnson
Andy Gaskill
Kevin Harkey
Tom Sito
Rick Maki
Burny Mattinson
Lorna Cook
Gary Trousdale
Jorgen Klubien
Larry Leker
Ed Gombert
Mark Kausler
Thom Enriquez
Jim Capobianco
Chris Sanders
Joe Ranft
Francis Glebas
Based on
Hamlet
by William Shakespeare
Starring
Jonathan Taylor Thomas
Matthew Broderick
James Earl Jones
Jeremy Irons
Moira Kelly
Niketa Calame
Ernie Sabella
Nathan Lane
Robert Guillaume
Rowan Atkinson
Whoopi Goldberg
Cheech Marin
Jim Cummings
Madge Sinclair
Music by
Hans Zimmer
Edited by
Ivan Bilancio
Production
company
Walt Disney Pictures
Walt Disney Feature Animation
Distributed by
Buena Vista Pictures
Release date
June 15, 1994
(limited release)
June 24, 1994
(wide release)
Running time
88 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$45 million[2]
Box office
$968.5 million[2]
The Lion King tells the story of Simba (Swahili for lion),[3] a young lion who is to succeed his father, Mufasa, as King of the Pride Lands; however, after Simba's paternal uncle Scar murders Mufasa, Simba is manipulated into thinking he was responsible and flees into exile. After growing up in the company of the carefree outcasts Timon and Pumbaa, Simba receives valuable perspective from his childhood friend, Nala, and his shaman, Rafiki, before returning to challenge Scar to end his tyranny and take his place in the Circle of Life as the rightful King.

Development of The Lion King began in 1988 during a meeting between Jeffrey Katzenberg, Roy E. Disney, and Peter Schneider while promoting Oliver & Company in Europe. Thomas M. Disch wrote a film treatment, and Woolverton developed the first scripts, while George Scribner was signed on as director, being later joined by Allers. Production began in 1991 concurrently with Pocahontas, which wound up attracting many of Disney's top animators. Some time after the staff traveled to Hell's Gate National Park in Kenya to research the film's setting and animals, Scribner left production, disagreeing with the decision to turn the film into a musical, and was replaced by Minkoff. When Hahn joined the project, he was dissatisfied with the script and the story was promptly rewritten. Nearly 20 minutes of animation sequences were produced at the Disney-MGM Studios theme park in Florida. Computer animation was also used in several scenes, most notably in the wildebeest stampede sequence.

The Lion King was released on June 15, 1994, to a positive reaction from critics, who praised the film for its music, story, themes, and animation. With an initial worldwide gross of $766 million, it finished its theatrical run as the highest-grossing release of 1994, the highest-grossing animated film and the second-highest-grossing film of all time. It is also the highest-grossing traditionally animated film of all time, as well as the best-selling film on home video, having sold over 30 million VHS tapes. On release, the film drew some controversy in Japan for its similarities to Osamu Tezuka's 1960s anime series Kimba the White Lion. The Lion King garnered two Academy Awards for its achievement in music and the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy. The film has led to many derived works, such as a Broadway adaptation; two direct-to-video follow-ups—the sequel, The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998), and th