Russian VERBS conjugation. Russian language.

Описание

Are you ready to get another portion of Russian grammar? Here is the lesson about Russian verbs conjugation.

The verb is one of the most complicated and most essential parts of speech in the Russian language.
Approximately twenty percent of all words existing in the Russian language are verbs.
No other part of speech possesses such a diverse system of tenses, moods, aspects, persons and voices.
As grammatical category, the verb includes words that denote action or process (mental, physical, etc.)
Russian verbs have the following grammatical categories:
1. tense: Present, Past and Future (Simple and Complex);
2. mood: Indicative, Subjunctive and Imperative;
3. aspect: imperfective versus perfective;
4. person and number (only in the Present and Future tenses in the Indicative and Imperative mood);
5. gender (only in the past forms and in Subjunctive mood);
6. voice: active versus passive.
The Russian verb also has non-conjugated forms – infinitive, participle and verbal adverb. The forms of mood, tense and person belong to conjugated forms.
In sentences verbs play their main syntactic role, i.e. they are predicates:
Дети играют в парке. Children play in the park.
Завтра мы поедем на экскурсию. We are going on an excursion tomorrow
Вчера мы были в Большом театре. We were in the Bolshoi theatre yesterday.
Infinitive.
Indefinite Form of the Verb
The Infinitive is the initial form of verbs, which names (defines) action irrelatively to person, number, tense and mood: работать to work, рассказывать to tell, мечтать to dream.
Verbs in the Infinitive answer the quest
ions Что делать? Что сделать?
Two verbal conjugations
By conjugation we mean changing of the verbs' endings for person and number.
There are two types of conjugation in Russian.
Personal forms of the Present and the Future Simple tenses are formed by adding endings of the 1st and the 2nd conjugations to the stem.
It is very important in Russian to pay attention to question.
So, for any kind of the infinitive we have a question «What to do?» Что делать? Что сделать?
And like in English, we put different questions to different persons:
What are you doing –Что ты делаешь? (Что вы делаете?)
What does he (or she) do? – Что он или она делает?

And the question ending helps us to give the right form of answer:
Что делает студент? What does the student do?
Он читает. He reads.

Что ты делаешь? - Я работаю, говорю, смотрю.
Что вы делаете? - Мы работаем, говорим, смотрим.
Что Вы делаете? - Я работаю, говорю, смотрю (formal you - sing.).
Что он делает? - Он работает, говорит, смотрит.
Что делает студент? Студент (он) работает, говорит, смотрит.
Что делает студентка? Студентка (она) работает, говорит, смотрит.

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