The History of computer- The evolution computer from 1820 to 20222

Описание

• Computer is a programmable machine. • Computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions. • Computer is any device that aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations.
Earliest Computer • Originally calculations were computed by humans, whose job title was computers. • These human computers were typically engaged in the calculation of a mathematical expression. • The calculations of this period were specialized and expensive, requiring years of training in mathematics. • The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century.
Tally Sticks
A tally stick was an ancient memory aid device to record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages.
Tally
Abacus
• An abacus is a mechanical device used to aid an individual in performing mathematical calculations. • The abacus was invented in Babylonia in 2400 B.C. • The abacus in the form we are most familiar with was first used in China in around 500 B.C. • It used to perform basic arithmetic operations
Napier’s Bones
• Invented by John Napier in 1614. • Allowed the operator to multiply, divide and calculate square and cube roots by moving the rods around and placing them in specially constructed boards.
Slide Rule • Invented by William Oughtred in 1622. • Is based on Napier's ideas about logarithms. • Used primarily for – multiplication – division – roots – logarithms – Trigonometry • Not normally used for addition or subtraction.
William
Jacquard Loom
• The Jacquard loom is a mechanical loom, invented by Joseph-Marie Jacquard in 1881. • It an automatic loom controlled by punched cards.
Arithmometer
• A mechanical calculator invented by Thomas de Colmar in 1820, • The first reliable, useful, and commercially successful calculating machine. • The machine could perform the four basic mathematic functions. • The first mass-produced calculating machine.
Difference Engine and Analytical Engine • It an automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions. • Invented by Charles Babbage in 1822 and 1834 • It is the first mechanical computer.