Rudolf Virchow | Wikipedia audio article

Описание

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Virchow


00:04:31 1 Life and scientific career
00:10:42 2 Scientific contributions
00:10:53 2.1 Cell biology
00:12:59 2.2 Cancer
00:13:38 2.3 Theory on cancer origin
00:15:42 2.3.1 The Kaiser's case
00:17:43 2.4 Anatomy
00:18:18 2.5 Thromboembolism
00:19:59 2.6 Pathology
00:21:53 2.6.1 Parasitology
00:23:03 2.7 Autopsy
00:24:35 2.7.1 Ochronosis
00:25:24 2.8 Forensic work
00:26:29 2.9 Anthropology and prehistory biology
00:28:37 2.9.1 Anti-Darwinism
00:33:23 2.9.2 Anti-racism
00:35:06 2.10 Anti-germ theory of diseases
00:36:17 3 Politics and social medicine
00:40:26 3.1 The Sausage Duel
00:41:27 3.2 iKulturkampf/i
00:42:15 4 Personal life
00:43:43 4.1 Death
00:44:42 5 Honours and legacy
00:47:44 5.1 Eponymous medical terms
00:47:54 6 Works



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SUMMARY
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Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow (; German: [ˈfɪʁço] or [ˈvɪʁço]; 13 October 1821 – 5 September 1902) was a German physician, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist, writer, editor, and politician. He is known as "the father of modern pathology" and as the founder of social medicine, and to his colleagues, the "Pope of medicine". He received the Copley Medal in 1892. He was a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and was elected to the Prussian Academy of Sciences, but he declined to be ennobled as "von Virchow".
Virchow studied medicine at the Friedrich-Wilhelms Institute under Johannes Peter Müller. He worked at the Charité hospital under Robert Froriep, whom he succeeded as the prosector. His investigation of the 1847–1848 typhus epidemic in Upper Silesia laid the foundation for public health in Germany, and paved his political and social careers. From it, he coined a well known aphorism: "Medicine is a social science, and politics is nothing else but medicine on a large scale". He participated in the Revolution of 1848, which led to his expulsion from Charité the next year. He then published a newspaper Die medicinische Reform (Medical Reform). He took the first Chair of Pathological Anatomy at the University of Würzburg in 1849. After five years, Charité reinstated him to its new Institute for Pathology. He cofounded the political party Deutsche Fortschrittspartei, and was elected to the Prussian House of Representatives and won a seat in the Reichstag. His opposition to Otto von Bismarck's financial policy resulted in an anecdotal "Sausage Duel", although he supported Bismarck in his anti-Catholic campaigns, which he named Kulturkampf ("culture struggle").A prolific writer, his scientific writings alone exceeded 2,000. Cellular Pathology (1858), regarded as the root of modern pathology, introduced the third dictum in cell theory: Omnis cellula e cellula ("All cells come from cells"). He was a co-founder of Physikalisch-Medizinische Gesselschaft in 1849 and Deutsche Pathologische Gesellschaft in 1897. He founded journals such as Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin (with Benno Reinhardt in 1847, from 1903 under the title Virchows Archiv), and Zeitschrift für Ethnologie (Journal of Ethnology). The latter is published by German Anthropological Association and the Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory, the societies which he also founded.Virchow was the first to describe and christen diseases such as leukemia, chordoma, ochronosis, embolism, and thrombosis. He coined biological terms such as "chromatin", "neuroglia", "agenesis", "parenchyma", "osteoid", "amyloid degeneration", and "spina bifida"; terms such as Virchow's node, Virchow–Robin spaces, Virchow–Seckel syndrome, and Virchow's triad are named after him. His description of the life cycle of a roundworm Trichinella spiralis influenced the practice of meat inspection. He develope ...